Abstract
Background
Data regarding the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and bronchiectasis (BE) are rare. This study aims
to elucidate the clinical relevance of BE in patients with CAP.
Methods
Patients hospitalized with CAP in a single center were retrospectively analyzed and
divided into significant BE (BE with ≥ 3 lobes or cystic BE on computed tomography)
and control groups. Clinical and microbiological characteristics were compared between
the two groups.
Results
In the final analysis, 2112 patients were included, and 104 (4.9%) had significant
BE. The significant BE group exhibited a higher prevalence of sputum production, dyspnea,
and complicated parapneumonic effusion or empyema than the control group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more frequently isolated in the significant BE group than in the control group,
whereas Mycoplasma pneumoniae was less commonly identified. Length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly longer
in the significant BE group than the control group (12 [8–17] days vs. 9 [6–13] days,
p < 0.001). In contrast, 30-day and in-hospital mortality rates did not significantly
differ between the two groups. Furthermore, significant BE was an independent predictor
of prolonged hospitalization in two models based on CURB-65 and pneumonia severity
index.
Conclusions
Significant BE occurred in approximately 5% of patients with CAP and was more likely
to be associated with sputum, dyspnea, complicated parapneumonic effusion or empyema,
and isolation of P. aeruginosa. Significant BE was an independent predictor of LOS in patients with CAP.
Key Indexing Terms
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 14, 2023
Accepted:
March 9,
2023
Received:
April 2,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
