Celiac disease (CD), or celiac sprue, is a T-cell-mediated enteropathy that results
from an immune reaction to gluten exposure in individuals with a genetic predisposition.
1
CD is considered a major public health concern, with an estimated global prevalence
of 0.7% to 1.4%. In the modern era, the prevalence of CD has been rising in both the
pediatric and adult populations owing to better recognition of the disease process
as well as improvement in diagnostic testing methods.
2
Clinical manifestations of celiac disease are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic
presentation to celiac crisis. Similarly, apart from the small bowel involvement,
any organ might get involved in this disease process. Patients with CD often develop
extraintestinal manifestations (EIM), and at times they could be the only symptom
leading to a significant delay in the diagnosis. Extraintestinal manifestations result
either from an immune-mediated response or from dietary deficiencies. Gluten-free
diet (GFD) is the mainstay treatment in patients with CD. GFD also helps in resolving
many of the EIM symptoms.
1
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 14, 2023
Accepted:
March 9,
2023
Received:
January 17,
2023
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
