Abstract
Melanuria is the dark brown discoloration of the urine and an uncommon manifestation
in patients with melanoma. It is an ominous sign, usually indicating widespread disease.
In this article, through an illustrative case, we discuss the pathophysiological,
clinical, and prognostic characteristics of melanuria in melanoma. Moreover, we aim
to provide the available data for the prompt diagnosis and treatment of patients presenting
with melanuria. We present the case of a 47-year-old man presenting with melanuria
and diffure melanosis cutis, who was eventually diagnosed with a BRAF-mutated metastatic
melanoma of unknown primary. The patient was started on a BRAF and MEK inhibitor,
but he had a rapid disease progression and succumbed to the disease. There is only
a limited number of case reports of melanoma patients with melanuria receiving targeted
therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors. In these reports, variable treatment responses
have been described. In view of the increasing significance of targeted therapies
and immunotherapy for melanoma, more cases are needed to improve our understanding
on the prognostic significance of melanuria in the era of novel therapies for melanoma.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 17, 2022
Accepted:
December 14,
2022
Received:
January 6,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
